Osteochondrosis wani rauni ne na degenerative-dystrophic na yau da kullun yana shafar fayafai na intervertebral, kashin baya da kuma haɗin gwiwa na kusa.
Cutar ba ta tasowa nan da nan, tana ci gaba a cikin shekaru masu yawa, yayin da farkon zai iya faruwa a lokacin ƙuruciya (shekaru 18-20), kuma yana da matakai masu yawa:
- Mataki na I - "fashewa" a cikin zoben fibrous da motsi na tsakiya na tsakiya pulposus, amma babu alamun rediyo tukuna;
- Mataki na II - pulposus na tsakiya yana ci gaba da lalacewa, tsayin diski yana raguwa, zoben fibrous "ya bushe", haɗin gwiwar intervertebral da ya shafa ya zama maras tabbas, kuma don rama wannan, tsokoki na baya suna cikin tashin hankali akai-akai, haifar da ciwo da " yawan aiki", alamun osteochondrosis ana iya gani akan x-ray;
- Mataki na III - Darajojin diski, nucleus pulposus pulposus pulposus yalwar bayyanar cututtuka, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, da edema;
- Mataki na IV - abubuwan da ke kusa da haɗin gwiwa suna shiga cikin rauni.
Osteochondrosis na kashin baya na iya faruwa a sassa daban-daban na kashin baya kuma, dangane da wannan, suna da sunaye daban-daban:
- cervical - mafi yawan lokuta ana gano su tsakanin kashin mahaifa na biyar da na bakwai (mafi yawan haɗin gwiwar hannu);
- kirji - wani bambance-bambancen da aka nuna ta ciwo, wanda zai iya rikicewa tare da cututtuka na sauran gabobin kirji;
- lumbar - nau'in da ya fi dacewa saboda mafi girman motsi na wannan sashe da nauyin da aka sanya akan shi;
- na kowa - ya ƙunshi sassa da yawa (misali, cervicothoracic).
Dalilan ci gaban osteochondrosis
Babu wata cikakkiyar ka'idar da ta yi cikakken bayanin dalilin wannan cuta. Yana da nau'i-nau'i, sabili da haka, ƙaddamarwa ya zama dole a matsayin mai tayar da hankali, kuma don bayyanarsa - hadaddun abubuwan ciki da waje.
Abubuwan haɗari na waje:
- yawan damuwa, aiki na jiki, haɗari na sana'a (matsar da abubuwa masu nauyi) sune sanadin gama gari na osteochondrosis a cikin maza;
- raunin kashin baya;
- kaifi da rashin daidaituwa jerks, lankwasa jiki, juyawa;
- aiki mai zaman kansa, rashin aiki na jiki;
- akai-akai akai-akai (ɗaukar da jaka a kafaɗa ɗaya, karkatar da kan ku zuwa kunne lokacin magana akan wayar);
- yanayin yanayi.
Abubuwan haɗari na ƙarshe:
- jinsi na maza (osteochondrosis yana faruwa a ƙasa akai-akai a cikin mata);
- kiba da tsayi;
- ci gaba da rashin daidaituwa na tsarin musculoskeletal, rauni na tsokoki na baya;
- matsayi mara kyau;
- cututtuka na kafa (arthrosis, lebur ƙafa);
- take hakkin trophism na intervertebral gidajen abinci;
- pathologies na ciki gabobin.
Alamun osteochondrosis
Alamun alamun wannan cuta: ciwo a cikin kashin baya da tsokoki a hutawa, iyakancewa a cikin motsi, "gajiya" na yankin da aka shafa. Mai haƙuri yana ƙoƙarin ko dai ya "zazzage" ta hanyar jingina baya a kujera, jingina a kan hannayensa, ƙoƙarin kada ya tsaya a ƙafafunsa na dogon lokaci, ko kuma ta hanyar shafa shi da kullun, yana kawar da tashin hankali na tsoka. Dangane da wurin, zafi zai iya bambanta dan kadan, kuma an ƙara sababbin alamun bayyanar cututtuka.
Tare da osteochondrosis na mahaifa, rashin jin daɗi zai faru a yankin occipital ko wuyansa kanta, yana ƙaruwa lokacin karkatar ko juya kai. Saboda tsuke tushen jijiya, tingling ko konewa na iya bayyana a cikin yatsu da tafin hannu, kuma tare da mummunan lalacewa, ƙuntatawa a cikin motsinsu.
Amma babban hatsarin lamarin shi ne, kusa da kashin baya a wannan yanki akwai muhimman arteries da ke ba da jini ga kwakwalwa. A hankali sun zama tsinke, don haka irin wannan nau'in osteochondrosis yana da dizziness da "tabo" a gaban idanu saboda rashin isasshen abinci mai gina jiki na babban sashin jiki.
Daga cikin kowane nau'in osteochondrosis, lalacewa ga yankin thoracic ba shi da yawa fiye da sauran kuma yana da wuyar ganewa. Jin zafi a wannan yanki yana kama da zuciya, huhu, ciwon esophageal ko neuralgia. Sabili da haka, marasa lafiya da farko sun juya zuwa likitocin zuciya, gastroenterologists ko pulmonologists, suna daɗe da guje wa likitocin ƙwararrun da suke buƙata, har sai an cire duk sauran cututtukan cututtuka, ko ana zargin osteochondrosis na thoracic. An gano rashin jin daɗi tsakanin ruwan kafaɗa, yana ƙaruwa lokacin lanƙwasawa, ƙila za ku ji wani dunƙule a cikin makogwaro ko wahalar numfashi, da kumbura a ƙirji.
Mafi na kowa kuma mafi yawanci nau'in shine lumbar osteochondrosis. Mafi sau da yawa ana danganta bayyanar cututtuka da wannan cuta: ciwo mai raɗaɗi a cikin yanki mai suna guda ɗaya, wanda ke ƙaruwa lokacin juyawa, lanƙwasa, ko tsayawa na dogon lokaci, kuma yana iya haskakawa zuwa ƙafa ɗaya ko biyu.
Bincike na osteochondrosis
Likitan ya fara ne ta hanyar tattara gunaguni da anamnesis (iyali, rayuwa da rashin lafiya), wanda yayi nazari akan kasancewar predisposition, abubuwan haɗari na waje da na ciki, alaƙar bayyanar cututtuka da ci gaba da rauni.
Binciken ya ƙunshi:
- neuro-orthopedic, a lokacin da aka kiyasta ayyuka masu tsayi da tsayin daka na kashin baya (tsayi, kasancewar scoliosis, sautin tsoka da kewayon motsi na haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa);
- neurological - Ƙaddamar da reflex da matsawa cututtuka na vertebrogenic, motsa jiki da ayyuka na ji, ingancin trophism nama.
Hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi sauƙi na kayan aiki don osteochondrosis na kowane bangare na kashin baya (cervical, thoracic ko lumbar) ba shi da bambanci da bambanci (bincike, venospondylography) nazarin X-ray wanda ke nuna raguwar fayafai na intervertebral, matakin hernial. protrusion, da yanayin jijiyoyin jini. Kadan sau da yawa, ana amfani da ƙarin bayani game da tasirin maganadisu na maganadisu, wanda zaku iya tantance daidai girman lalacewar diski na intervertebral, girman hernia, kasancewar matsi na kashin baya, tushen, da kyallen da ke kewaye. Idan an hana MRI, an maye gurbin shi tare da ƙididdigar ƙididdiga, wanda ke ƙayyade yanayin kashin baya da kansu, canal na kashin baya, da ligament calcification.
Jiyya na osteochondrosis
Da farko, wajibi ne a rage yawan abubuwan haɗari kamar yadda zai yiwu, likita ya gano a lokacin binciken. Kawar da nauyin axial, iyakance girman abubuwan da aka ɗauka, wani lokacin canza ayyuka masu ban tsoro da ke da alaƙa da aikin jiki, rasa nauyi idan kun kasance mai kiba, haɗa da ƙananan wasanni a cikin jadawalin ku na yau da kullum idan ba ku da aikin jiki. Wannan zai taimaka kawai don rage yawan jin zafi saboda osteochondrosis da haɗarin rikitarwa, kodayake ba zai rage saurin ci gaba ba.
Dole ne magani ya zama cikakke kuma ya haɗa ba kawai hanyoyin ƙwayoyi ba, har ma da nau'o'in nau'o'in tasiri akan tsokoki na vertebral da kashin baya kanta. Ba za ku iya ɗaukar kwayoyi kawai don osteochondrosis da kanku ba kuma kuna fatan samun waraka; duk wata hanya da magunguna za'a iya tsara ta ta likitan ne kawai. Kwararren ya dogara da shawarwarinsa akan kowane takamaiman lamari da halayen mutum na mai haƙuri, don kada magani ya haifar da wahala fiye da cutar kanta.
Don osteochondrosis, ana nuna aikin motsa jiki, wanda aka fara aiwatar da shi a cikin ɗakin asibiti na musamman don likitan ya gamsu cewa mai haƙuri yana yin ayyukan da aka nuna daidai. Matsalolin daban-daban na raunin yana nuna nau'o'i daban-daban da nufin kiyaye tsokoki na baya, inganta yanayin jini da trophism na fayafai na intervertebral da kashin baya da kansu, da kuma rage rikice-rikice.
Har ila yau, tausa na warkewa yana da tasiri mai amfani akan yanayin cutar a cikin osteochondrosis; physiotherapy, manual far, acupuncture, osteopathy, da kayan aiki na kashin baya ana yin su tare da taka tsantsan. Hanyar magani da hanyoyinta an ƙaddara ta likita bisa ga girman ci gaban rauni, bayyanar cututtuka da kuma halayen mutum na kowane takamaiman yanayin.
Rigakafin osteochondrosis
Idan kun dauki matakan da suka dace don hana ci gaban cutar, to maganinta bazai taba zama dole ba. Hakanan ya kamata a kusanci wannan gabaɗaya: rage abubuwan haɗari da aka jera a gaba (ko da kafin rashin jin daɗi ya bayyana), gwada rarraba nauyin a ko'ina, saka idanu akan matsayi tun lokacin ƙuruciya, samun isasshen abinci mai gina jiki tare da duk bitamin da ake buƙata, kuma a kai a kai cikin wasanni masu tallafi (don misali, iyo).
Don hana ci gaban osteochondrosis, gymnastics yana taka muhimmiyar rawa: akwai motsa jiki na musamman waɗanda ke rage nauyi akan kashin baya. Kuna iya tuntuɓar likitan orthopedist ko likitan jijiyoyi game da su.
Amma ko da motsa jiki na yau da kullun na safiya zai taimaka wajen kiyaye sautin tsoka, kawar da spasms da inganta yanayin jini don kada trophism na fayafai na interarticular ba su damu ba. Don kauce wa ci gaban rashin aiki na jiki a cikin aikin zama, ya zama dole don dumi lokaci-lokaci da kuma yin motsa jiki da aka nuna don rigakafin osteochondrosis.